What causes hair loss? Hair loss has many causes. What’s causing your hair loss can determine whether your hair:
- Falls out gradually or abruptly
- Thins
- Can regrow on its own
- Requires treatment to regrow
- Needs immediate care to prevent permanent hair loss
When to see a doctor
See your doctor if you are uneased by continuous hair loss with yourself or your children and want to pursue treatment. For women who are dealing with a receding hairline (frontal fibrosing alopecia), talk with your doctor about early treatment to avoid significant permanent hair loss.
Also ask your doctor if you notice out of the blue or patchy hair loss or more than typical hair loss when brushing or washing your or your child’s hair. Hair loss in a short period of time can signal underlying medical conditions that require treatment.
Risk factors
Various factors can increase your risk of hair loss, including:
- A family history of balding on your parent’s lineage
- Age
- Significant loss of mass
- Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and lupus
- Stress
- Unhealthy nutrition
- Prevention
Most hair loss is caused by genetics (male-pattern baldness and female-pattern baldness). This type of hair loss is not preventable.
Here are some tips may help you avoid types of hair loss that are preventable:
Be gentle with your hair. Use a detangler and avoid tugging when brushing and combing, especially when your hair is wet. Avoid tough treatments such as hot rollers, curling irons, hot-oil treatments, and permanents. Keep the tension low on hair from styles that use rubber bands, barrettes, and braids.
Talk to your doctor about medications and supplements you take that might cause baldness.
Protect your hair from ultraviolet light such as sunlight.
Limit or stop smoking. Some studies show an association between smoking and hair loss in men.
Causes of hair loss
Hereditary hair loss
Both men and women develop this type of hair loss, which is the most common cause of hair loss worldwide. In men, it’s called male pattern hair loss. Women get female pattern hair loss. Regardless of whether it develops in a man or women, the medical term is androgenic alopecia.
No matter which term you use, it means that you’ve inherited genes that cause your hair follicles (what each hair grows out of) to shrink and eventually stop growing hair. Shrinking can begin as early as your teens, but it usually starts later in life.
In women, the first noticeable sign of hereditary hair loss is usually overall thinning or a widening part.
When a man has hereditary hair loss, the first sign is often a receding hairline or bald spot at the top of his head.
Age
With age, most people notice some hair loss because hair growth slows. At some point, hair follicles stop growing hair, which causes the hair on our scalp to thin. Hair also starts to lose its color. A woman’s hairline naturally starts to recede.
Alopecia areata
Alopecia areata is a disease that develops when the body’s immune system attacks hair follicles (what holds the hair in place), causing hair loss. You can lose hair anywhere on your body, including your scalp, inside your nose, and in your ears. Some people lose their eyelashes or eyebrows.
Hormonal imbalance
A common cause of this imbalance is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It leads to cysts on a woman’s ovaries, along with other signs and symptoms, which can include hair loss. Stopping some types of birth control pills can cause a temporary hormonal imbalance. Women who develop a hormonal imbalance can develop thinning hair (or hair loss) on their scalp.
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